#Introduction Chaffinches are very abundant in Britain, it’s pattern helps it to blend into the environment when it is feeding on the ground (Slater and Ince 1979). The wingspan of a chaffinch is 24.5-28.5cm and the mass is 18-29 grams (Marler 1956). Males (see figure 1) and females (see figure 2) have different appearances.

Male Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas Trepte, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

Figure 1: Male Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas Trepte, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

Female Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

Figure 2: Female Chaffinch on a branch. By Photo © Andreas, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_chaffinch

#Methods

## # A tibble: 2 x 2
##   sex        ss
##   <chr>   <dbl>
## 1 females  86.8
## 2 males    87.9

We measured the mass of male and female chaffiniches. We used R (R Core Team 2019) with tidyverse packages (Wickham 2017) for all analyses and the rmarkdown (Allaire et al. 2019) and bookdown (Xie 2016) packages for manuscript preparation.

#Results

#Discussion

#Bibliography

Allaire, JJ, Yihui Xie, Jonathan McPherson, Javier Luraschi, Kevin Ushey, Aron Atkins, Hadley Wickham, Joe Cheng, Winston Chang, and Richard Iannone. 2019. Rmarkdown: Dynamic Documents for R. https://github.com/rstudio/rmarkdown.

Marler, P. 1956. “Behaviour of the Chaffinch Fringilla Coelebs.” Behaviour. Supplement, no. 5: III–184.

R Core Team. 2019. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.

Slater, P J B, and S A Ince. 1979. “Cultural Evolution in Chaffinch Song.” Behaviour 71 (1-2): 146–66.

Wickham, Hadley. 2017. Tidyverse: Easily Install and Load the ’Tidyverse’. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidyverse.

Xie, Yihui. 2016. Bookdown: Authoring Books and Technical Documents with R Markdown. Boca Raton, Florida: Chapman; Hall/CRC. https://github.com/rstudio/bookdown.